ABSTRACT
In 179 patients subjected to 186 renal tranplants, 30 renal biopsies were performed due to the presence of a proteinuria over 3.5 g/24 h or due to a reduction in glomerular filtration rate. Six of these biopsies, coming from 5 patients, disclosed morphological alterations compatible with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Five of these were due to recurrence of the primary disease (in 4 patients) and in all, massive proteinuria appeared from 1 to 23 days after transplantation. Two patients with three transplants evolved to renal failure and required dialysis in a period 12 months as a mean. The third patient, developed a nephrotic syndrome without renal failure and died 14 months after the renal transplant due to stroke. In the fourth patient, the nephrotic syndrome disappeared 38 days after the transplant and remained with minimal proteinuria until his last follow up visit two years later. The primary disease of the fifth patient is unknown, the nephrotic syndrome appeared 68 months after the transplant and remitted spontaneously in 2 months. The renal biopsy showed focal and segmental lesions with partial effacement of epithelial foot processes. It is concluded that focal segmental glomerulosclerosis recurrence in renal transplant occurs with aerly massive proteinuria and frequently leads to renal failure and graft loss in no more than two years